Reawakening Enlightened Thought

Enlightened thought is based on the premises that decisions are made and problems are solved through reasoned deductions and not appeals to authority, that the natural world follows natural laws and that human progress is dependent on the free exchange of ideas and not the intolerance toward those we may disagree with. It is from these principals that the American nation was founded and to these principals this blog is dedicated.

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Location: Western, United States

Thursday, January 12, 2006

Why Am I Not Surprised

Linguists Vote 'Truthiness' Word of 2005

By HEATHER CLARK
The Associated Press
Friday, January 6, 2006; 10:47 PM

ALBUQUERQUE -- A panel of linguists has decided the word that best reflects 2005 is "truthiness," defined as the quality of stating concepts one wishes or believes to be true, rather than the facts.

Saturday, January 07, 2006

When Will the Enlightement Reach the Shores of America (Again)

When Will the Enlightenment Reach the Shores of the United States?

The fact that there still exists a conflict between science and religion in the U.S. is a condition, which never ceases to amaze, frustrate, and disappoint me. Two hundred-thirty years ago, our founders took the Enlightenment philosophy from Europe, applied it to the nation state here in North America, and in doing so created a nation as near to perfection as could be achieved given the level of understanding and sentiments of the society of the time. Since then, it appears to me, that instead of increasing the understanding of society, so as to more perfect the Union, we have been on a path of regression which will no doubt cause us to lose ground in the areas of science, technology and, consequently, standard of living.

When theologians try to argue for insertion of the supernatural, they frame their argument as “why shouldn’t a supernatural explanation be explored?” This makes it seem reasonable enough on first glance, but they never allow answer to be given to the question. Well for those maintaining that line of thought, here is your answer “It has been tried many times over and it has always failed!”

Francis Bacon, an unsung intellectual founder of the United States (for more on this please see the writings of Thomas Jefferson), had this to say about the issue:

“ The same tendency is shown (though in a different manner) by the treatises of those who have not been afraid to deduce and confirm the truth of the Christian religion from the principles and authority of philosophers. With much pomp and ceremony they celebrate the marriage of faith and sense as a legitimate union, and charm men's minds with a pleasing variety of things, but at the same time mix things human with things divine, an unequal union. Such mixtures of theology and philosophy find room only for what is currently acceptable in philosophy; new things, though a change for the better, are all but dismissed and excluded. Finally you will find that some theologians in their ignorance complete block access to any philosophy, however much emended. Some are simply anxious that a closer investigation of nature may penetrate beyond the permitted boundaries of sound opinion; they misinterpret what the holy Scriptures, in talking of divine mysteries, have to say against prying into God's secrets, and wrongly apply it to the hidden things of nature, which are not forbidden by any prohibition. Others, more cunningly, conjecture and imagine that if the intermediate causes of things are unknown, individual events can more easily be attributed to the hand and rod of God (which is, as they suppose, very much in the interest of religion); this is simply an attempt 'to please God by a lie'.”

Now, Bacon published that in that 1620 and you would think that after nearly four hundred years of testing and proof we would have gotten it by now. But, alas the Enlightenment has not arrived for a large number in our country. Luckily, Bacon also leaves with a hope to grant an epiphany to fellow citizens.

“There remains one simple way of getting our teaching across, namely to introduce men to actual particulars and their sequences and orders, and for men in their turn to pledge to abstain for a while from notions, and begin to get used to actual things.”

Thursday, November 24, 2005

The More Things Change

The More Things Change…
Politics in time of War

Words had to change their ordinary meaning and to take that which was now given them. Reckless audacity came to be considered the courage of a loyal ally; prudent hesitation, specious cowardice; moderation was held to be a cloak for unmanliness; ability to see all sides of a question, inaptness to act on any. Frantic violence became the attribute of manliness; cautious plotting, a justifiable means of self-defense. The advocate of extreme measures was always trustworthy; his opponent a man to be suspected. To succeed in a plot was to have a shrewd head, to divine a plot a still shrewder; but to try to provide against having to do either was to break up your party and to be afraid of your adversaries. In fine, to forestall an intending criminal, or to suggest the idea of a crime where it was wanting, was equally commended until even blood became a weaker tie than party, from the superior readiness of those united by the latter to dare everything without reserve; for such associations had not in view the blessings derivable from established institutions but were formed by ambition for their overthrow; and the confidence of their members in each other rested less on any religious sanction than upon complicity in crime. The fair proposals of an adversary were met with jealous precautions by the stronger of the two, and not with a generous confidence. Revenge also was held of more account than self-preservation. Oaths of reconciliation, being only proffered on either side to meet an immediate difficulty, only held good so long as no other weapon was at hand; but when opportunity offered, he who first ventured to seize it and to take his enemy off his guard, thought this perfidious vengeance sweeter than an open one, since, considerations of safety apart, success by treachery won him the palm of superior intelligence. Indeed it is generally the case that men are more willing to call rogues clever than simpletons honest, and are as ashamed of being the second as they are proud of being the first.


431 BC
HISTORY OF THE PELOPONNESIAN WAR
By Thucydides

Sunday, October 30, 2005

We Need to Rediscover

http://today.reuters.com/news/newsArticle.aspx?type=scienceNews&storyID=2005-10-28T160403Z_01_SCH843728_RTRUKOC_0_US-SCIENCE-USA.xml



Is US becoming hostile to science? By Alan Elsner
Fri Oct 28,10:13 AM ET



WASHINGTON (Reuters) - A bitter debate about how to teach evolution in U.S. high schools is prompting a crisis of confidence among scientists, and some senior academics warn that science itself is under assault.


In the past month, the interim president of Cornell University and the dean of the Stanford University School of Medicine have both spoken on this theme, warning in dramatic terms of the long-term consequences.

"Among the most significant forces is the rising tide of anti-science sentiment that seems to have its nucleus in Washington but which extends throughout the nation," said Stanford's Philip Pizzo in a letter posted on the school Web site on October 3.

Cornell acting President Hunter Rawlings, in his "state of the university" address last week, spoke about the challenge to science represented by "intelligent design" which holds that the theory of evolution accepted by the vast majority of scientists is fatally flawed.

Rawlings said the dispute was widening political, social, religious and philosophical rifts in U.S. society. "When ideological division replaces informed exchange, dogma is the result and education suffers," he said.

Adherents of intelligent design argue that certain forms in nature are too complex to have evolved through natural selection and must have been created by a "designer," who could but does not have to be identified as God.

AT ODDS WITH BUSH

In the past five years, the scientific community has often seemed at odds with the Bush administration over issues as diverse as global warming, stem cell research and environmental protection. Prominent scientists have also charged the administration with politicizing science by seeking to shape data to its own needs while ignoring other research.

Evangelical and fundamentalist Christians have built a powerful position within the Republican Party and no Republican, including Bush, can afford to ignore their views.

This was dramatically illustrated in the case of Terri Schiavo earlier this year, in which Republicans in Congress passed a law to keep a woman in a persistent vegetative state alive against her husband's wishes, and Bush himself spoke out in favor of "the culture of life."

The issue of whether intelligent design should be taught, or at least mentioned, in high school biology classes is being played out in a Pennsylvania court room and in numerous school districts across the country.

The school board of Dover, Pennsylvania, is being sued by parents backed by the American Civil Liberties Union after it ordered schools to read students a short statement in biology classes informing them that the theory of evolution is not established fact and that gaps exist in it.

The statement mentioned intelligent design as an alternative theory and recommended students to read a book that explained the theory further.

Brown University biologist Kenneth Miller believes the rhetoric of the anti-evolution movement has had the effect of driving a wedge between a large proportion of the population who follow fundamentalist Christianity and science.

"It is alienating young people from science. It basically tells them that the scientific community is not to be trusted and you would have to abandon your principles of faith to become a scientist, which is not at all true," he said.

On the other side, conservative scholar Michael Novak of the American Enterprise Institute, believes the only way to heal the rift between science and religion is to allow the teaching of intelligent design.

"To have antagonism between science and religion is crazy," he said at a forum on the issue last week.

Proponents of intelligent design deny they are anti-science and say they themselves follow the scientific method.

AMERICANS DON'T ACCEPT EVOLUTION

Polls for many years have shown that a majority of Americans are at odds with key scientific theory. For example, as CBS poll this month found that 51 percent of respondents believed humans were created in their present form by God. A further 30 percent said their creation was guided by God. Only 15 percent thought humans evolved from less advanced life forms over millions of years.

Other polls show that only around a third of American adults accept the Big Bang theory of the origin of the universe, even though the concept is virtually uncontested by scientists worldwide.

"When we ask people what they know about science, just under 20 percent turn out to be scientifically literate," said Jon Miller, director of the center for biomedical communication at Northwestern University.

He said science and especially mathematics were poorly taught in most U.S. schools, leading both to a shortage of good scientists and general scientific ignorance.

U.S. school students perform relatively poorly in international tests of mathematics and science. For example, in 2003 U.S. students placed 24th in an international test that measured the mathematical literacy of 15-year-olds, below many European and Asian countries.

Scientists bemoan the lack of qualified U.S. candidates for postgraduate and doctoral studies at American universities and currently fill around a third of available science and engineering slots with foreign students.

Northwestern's Miller said the insistence of a large proportion of Americans that humans were created by God as whole beings had policy implications for the future.

"The 21st century will be the century of biology and we are going to be confronted with hundreds of important public policy issues that require some understanding that all life is interconnected," he said.

Thursday, October 27, 2005

Common Sense Today

Common Sense Today
A Case for a Change of Leadership

What is Good Government?

As I was reflecting on the current state American affairs, I began to find myself saddened. There is the current war in Iraq, with rising death tolls and huge economic costs, and the new certainty that the best we can hope for is another Iran and new groups of freshly trained terrorists, spreading the globe, for our efforts. There is also vast economic uncertainty among working Americans facing ever rising costs in energy, health care, education, food and clothing while salaries at best are stagnating and at worst are falling. To make things worse, the opportunities to correct the current course continued to shrink; there is the continuing outsourcing of American production, trade policies which more and more put Americans on an uneven playing field and fiscal policies which continue to squeeze the middle class to the point of breaking. To make matters worse we have a federal government that has totally ignored our calls for positive change to reverse the current course. In fact, beyond ignoring our calls for change they have actually stepped up their efforts to continue ever faster down the same course. But, I truly became saddened when I realized this group has been at for Ten Years. And with each passing year, they have become more unresponsive, more corrupt, and more arrogant with a complete consolidation of power.

So how is a bad trend allowed to continue for so long in a nation that has a government “of the people, by the people, and for the people?” It is my belief that we as Americans have become overwhelmed in our lives. Between the current economy requiring two incomes per household and each of those careers requiring more and more hours to succeed, coupled with trying to stay connected to our families, friends, and civic and charitable organizations, we haven’t had the time to reflect on what is good government and realize how far we have gone away from it.

When people come together to form a society, they have made a decision that they can improve their lives more through cooperation with others than they can on their own. If their expectations were that their lives would be worse working together than on their own, there would be no incentive for them to come together. Governments are then created by the societies to help ensure the success of its citizens. Our founders explained this clearly in the opening lines of our Constitution. It was “We the People” who charted our government and gave it its mission. The mission included providing for our physical security, promoting policies which would ensure our general prosperity, and to secure the opportunities that only living in free society can bring. When we exam the current performance of our federal government and weigh that current performance against the missions it was charted to accomplish, the candid facts show that the only conclusion we can come to is that our current leadership is woefully lacking.

Facts Regarding the Current Political Leadership

In providing for our physical security the government has clearly failed both at home and abroad. The facts concerning the conflict in Iraq, the aftermath of hurricane Katrina, and the total apathy involved in securing our nuclear, chemical, and food and water supplies bear this out.

In Iraq, the current administration began down a dark course from the beginning and has never attempted to correct it despite the pleas from the public. We may never know what actually motivated the administration to choose this war (the justification has changed frequently with time) but, we do know they were committed to it and would know no limits to the levels they would stoop to ensure it would occur. When presented with evidence that Iraq possessed no weapons of mass destruction they not only chose to ignore the evidence, but instead embarked on personal smear campaigns against the citizens who presented it. The greatest act they performed was the revealing of a covert agent’s identity. In this act (one that many have described as simply treasonous) did they not only jeopardize the projects that she had worked on but also the lives of those who had cooperated with her. Additionally, despite the fact that intelligence has never provided any report linking Iraq with the 9/11 attacks they continued to tie the two together both explicitly and rhetorically to garner support. I know of no greater responsibility the executive branch of government could have than to only commit our sons and daughters to armed conflict as a last resort, and here they have failed miserably. And what has the losses of our sons or daughters bought us? Iraq has become the new terrorists’ training ground. What was destroyed in Afghanistan has been rebuilt in Iraq. Beyond that, now that the new generation of terrorists have been trained and tested they are now exporting them to all corners of the globe. What’s more, it has now become apparent, that if Iraq is able to escape civil war (which by no means is a certainty) that their new government will be closely aligned with Iran, providing support and supplying yet another barrier from preventing Iran from developing nuclear weapons. Beyond the human toll the war has also embarked us on a path of unchecked federal deficits. And while painstakingly low at delivering body armor and armored vehicles to our troops, the political leadership has been quick to award no-bid contracts to their cronies. These companies, while providing dismal reconstruction, have managed to rapidly spend our tax dollars with little or no accountability with large sums of money totally unaccounted for even today. These policies have resulted in an astronomical debt and interest whose burden we will pass on to our children. In plain and simple terms the war has made us much less secure. Less secure from terrorism, less secure from a nuclear Iran and less financially secure from runaway debt.

But, we as citizens have not been totally silent in our pain. We have repeatedly petitioned the administration and congress to give us an exit strategy. Their responses have only been to ignore our calls, to condescendingly belittle our understanding of the plain facts, or to pander us with terms like “total victory” while refusing to define what total victory meant.

Our representatives in Washington have not limited their efforts to lower our security to overseas either. Here at home in an effort to remove our ability to respond national disasters they gutted the Federal Emergency Management Agency. They drastically cut funding to this domestic security agency driving it to the point of impotence. They then enacted policies which drove seasoned emergency professionals out of their posts. Further adding to this travesty they replaced the competent professionals with their own political cronies totally crippling the nation’s ability to respond to large scale disasters. The results of this government’s actions became readily visible as watched our fellow citizens die on the streets of New Orleans. And when we demanded action to save these citizens what did we get? More foot dragging, excuses and political spin. Most appalling when we demanded an investigation into the failure, they loaded the investigating body with loyal partisans and even went so far as to hire the crony responsible for much of the failure to investigate himself.

On preparing our nation’s vulnerable industries for terrorists attacks again the current leadership has failed. When we asked for security for our food and water supplies they have totally ignored us. When finally pressed again and again to address this weakness their only answer has been “It’s too hard”. This from a group that constantly remind us of the importance of hard work. Apparently, for us and not for them. They have also failed to protect our railways and transit systems despite the fact intelligence continually show these to be prime targets. Why is our leadership ignorant of the lessons of London? In the chemical industry the leadership had even authored legislation dictating terrorist prevention measures. It was almost scheduled for a vote. Then following a large influx of campaign contributions from the chemical giants the legislation was tabled. Whose security are these politicians out to protect, ours or their campaign coffers? I think the answer is clear. At home as abroad our current government leadership has failed to provide for our security.

In the area of promoting policies which add to our general welfare and enable us to secure the blessings of liberty, our current governmental leadership has again proven themselves unworthy of our continued support. In every case they have acted against increasing our opportunities and have instead opted to increase the fortunes of the select elite at our expense.

While the leadership and its propagandists tell us about continued economic growth, what have we the citizens seen? The cost of energy is rising at historical levels and our demands for actions to help curb this tide ignored. Instead of delivering a sound energy policy, what have they done? Enacted legislation which takes tax dollars out of our pockets and gives it the oil conglomerates to encourage them to drill for oil. To drill for oil! As if record high profits were not encouragement enough we now pay the oil companies at the pump and through our tax dollars. The leadership’s policies have not only hurt us with respect to energy it has hurt us across the board. Over the past several years we have seen consumer prices increase by more than 10% while the median family income has fallen by 3%. The leadership’s failure to address skyrocketing costs of health care is also cutting us deeply with more working Americans losing their coverage everyday while our leaders craft legislation favorable to their pharmaceutical and HMO donors. This continued assault on middle America to benefit corporate donors must stop. And its not as if we the people are not contributing to corporate success. Our productivity is higher than it has ever been yet our leadership continues to favor policies which do not allow us to fully share in the prosperity. Even going beyond not helping they are actually trying to drive us further into an abyss. They have embarked upon a tax program which while giving huge benefits to the wealthiest 1% of America, has driven our deficits to record levels. Only now are they endeavoring to find a solution to our debt and where is the first place they look? THE REDUCTION OR ELIMINATION OF THE HOME INTEREST DEDUCTION. The single fiscal policy which has enabled working class Americans to achieve the dream of home ownership is their first place of attack. Additionally, they are currently pushing a national consumption tax that, if enacted, will result in the single most regressive tax code in our history. A plan which increases the percentage of tax you pay as your income decreases. Does their disdain for middle America know any bounds?

Although these politicians have not been known for engaging our neighbors abroad in developing international policies, it seems when it comes to redistributing wealth from working American’s to donor corporations they know no international boundaries. Instead of adopting policies which would keep production here they have endeavored to encourage the outsourcing of opportunity. We have suffered the results of these failed policies watching manufacturing jobs lost overseas while being replaced here with the economic wasteland of the service sector. Seeing these results and hearing our cries for reforms, how as our leadership responded? Not by acting to reverse the trend nor even stem its tide by enacting policies to encourage even more of it. We now see outsourcing moving to new areas including information technology, engineering and architecture, and research and development. Will it end anytime soon? Not with current leadership as now they even give preferred “American Business” contract status to those who have out sourced most of their operations, including moving their headquarters off shore to avoid paying taxes. When we have complained about the continuing loss of opportunity in our nation how have they responded? By brandishing the word “protectionist” at us. As if protecting American opportunity is a demon to be exorcised vice a moral imperative they have been charged with upholding. All the while they adopt policies which are consistently protective of those causing the lowering of our standard of living. One is forced to wonder if even a return feudalism would satisfy them.

Let us not think that these assaults on our prosperity should be limited to our working years. They set out on a mission to ensure our retirement years are full of woe and worry also. They have endeavored to destroy the Social Security Program. A program widely accepted as the most successful in our nation’s history. Instead of offering our seniors, there very people who help build this great nation, the security they deserve they have instead try to offer the gamble of the stock market. A market incidentally, which itself has recently been plagued by scandals that have resulted in thousands having their retirement nest eggs reduced to pennies on the dollar. And don’t be fooled by the leadership’s current silence on the issue. They have not scrapped the idea, they are only waiting for a more opportune time to resurrect it. It would be thought with their efforts to destroy Social Security that they would make a concerted effort to shore up the solvency of private pension funds. But here too they have surrendered to their contributors by allowing them to continue to under fund their pension plans so their quarterly reports won’t suffer. At every turn our current political leadership has enacted policies which have cut our prosperity and severely limited the opportunities a free society should have, both for ourselves and our children.

What Can We Do?

Our current political leadership has become totally unresponsive to its constituency. They continue to arrogantly ignore the publics wishes and push through legislation which is rapidly and greatly hurting working men and women. Acting through a group of ideological clones they have totally abandoned the system of checks and balances that our founders envisioned and have embarked upon a single minded path which at every turn has proven to have been a failure. And although they continue to propagandize that success is right around the corner (both officially and through “News surrogates”), good citizens are awaking and taking notice of both the rampant corruption of the current government and the results of it’s consistently failed policies.

If we fail to act now the situation will only become worse. The current leadership has shown no interest in responding to our pleas for reform. Instead they have ignored us or condescendingly patronized. If we allow them to continue we can expect a continued loss of our security both internationally and at home. The continuation of their current fiscal plans will result in the most drastic shift in fiscal policy in our history – shifting the tax burden from wealth to work including the loss of the home interest deduction and shifting to a national sales tax. Social Security will be gutted – the idea has been tabled but not forgotten and defaults in corporate retirement contracts will continue. We will continue to see the outsourcing of American opportunity while it becomes scarcer and scarcer at home until eventually we become a service only society bordering on feudalism. And with the failure to invest in the education of children there is no indication that they will be able to turn it around. Is this the American Dream that we will live with now and pass on to our children.

Yes the time to act is now. Speak out against the current government without reservation. Their arrogance and lack of responsiveness to the American public has earned our scorn. More than that, our family friends and neighbors deserve to have the common sense of the facts laid before them. If we fail to speak out, we do them, ourselves and our nation a great disservice and aid and abet the current political leadership in their quest to continue to take the nation in the wrong direction.

Next go to the polls and throw the hypocritical thieves out. They still believe they can blind us with 30 second commercials appealing to motherhood and apple pie, while all the while stealing the dreams of security and prosperity from us and our children. The time is now to show them that we are much smarter than they give us credit for – that we have examined the results of their governance and no amount of pandering or propaganda will weaken our wisdom and resolve to achieve a brighter future.

Finally if we fail to act now, if we decide to sit quietly on the sidelines and hope that things will change on their own, history will surely remember us as the generation that allowed the American Dream to die.


Mark Tully.

Sunday, October 23, 2005

Missing the Point

Missing the Point
What the Valerie Plame Case is Really About

With all the reporting recently surrounding the White House leak scandal (who will be indicted, when and what for), I think the majority of American’s have missed the real story here. How did we allow ourselves to get deceived into a war?

If the word deception seems too harsh, I can only say it is the most civil one I can think of to describe what happened. Reading the reports it becomes obvious that there was a mind set inside the White House to embark on the current war regardless of Iraq’s connection, or should I say lack of connection to WMD, Al Qaeda, or September 11. The fact that our government leaders were determined to set out on this path and were willing to use propaganda, deception, and baseless personal attacks on those who would oppose them certainly warrants them the lion’s share of the blame for the current debacle. But, this being a republic, we the people must be held to a degree of accountability for allowing it to happen and so far I’m just not seeing it. If we were holding ourselves accountable one would expect to see people reacting with outrage, demanding accountability for our government’s actions and the press that abetted it through a lack of critical journalism. Instead we wait for legal actions on what really amounts to a minor side issue in the struggle to maintain our democracy.

The current coverage of the Judith Miller / New York Times story is one of the most glaring examples of our lack of learning from our mistakes. While the Times’ editors have expressed regret for failing to keep tighter reins on her they still continue to employ her and, as far as I know, are still picking up her legal bills. Where’s the outrage? Let’s recall that it was Miller’s reporting that help make case for Iraq in the first place. She failed to vet and then accepted as fact information from dubious sources (remember Chalabi?). She then accepted propaganda from WH sources without ever questioning their motives or investigating competing claims. Taking all this misinformation together she than published a series of articles definitively claiming that Iraq had reconstituted its WMD program.

Well, when the Times’ editors figured out that they had been duped did they immediately issue a retraction and hold Miller accountable? No, they kept quite about for a year because, as Executive Editor Bill Keller put it, they felt it occurred to close to their last reporting scandal. Not only that, they continued to allow Miller to conduct investigative reporting without any assurances that she had changed her ways. It is my honest opinion that Miller would have burned the Times again with false accusations about Joseph Wilson if Novak hadn’t scooped the lie first. Yet, Judith Miller still picks up her paycheck and forwards her legal bills to the Times and nary a reader can be found to demand accountability.

Our founders knew that an informed public, acting out of studied reason would be the only guarantee of a continuing democracy. They also understood the importance of the fourth estate in maintaining an informed public and gave the press special recognition when they constructed the Bill of Rights. But, with this special standing comes responsibility. They have the responsibility to check sources and verify information so as not to be used as a tool for political operatives. The Times failed in this responsibility and the parties involved need to be held accountable.